Managing muscle spasms at home

During persistent and intense spasms

Medication and treatment

• If spasms are accompanied by pain, over-the-counter pain relievers can be used as directed by a healthcare professional.
• Supplements such as magnesium and potassium can help, ask your healthcare team about what is best for you.
• Prescription medications, like stronger muscle relaxants, antidepressants and anticonvulsants, may be necessary for more severe cases, these should be taken strictly according to medical advice.
• If spasms occur frequently or are getting worse, interfere with sleep or daily activities, are increasingly painful, or are accompanied by signs of muscle weakness or coordination problems, contact the healthcare team.
• Ask the healthcare team to review any medications that might be causing spasms and adjust medication or dosages if needed.
• Seek professional advice about physical therapy or specialized exercises that may help.

Easing discomfort

• Use pillows to support and gently elevate the affected area.
• Massage the affected area with your hands.
• Apply gentle heat or cold to the affected area. A warm towel or a cool compress can be effective.
• Choose comfortable, non-restrictive clothing.
• In some cases, using braces or splints can help keep the limbs in a more comfortable position.

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Routine care and prevention

Body movement and positioning

• Gentle movements or stretching exercises can help.
• Try to maintain a consistent sleep schedule and daily routine that includes periods of rest and activity.
• Sit up as straight as possible and keep your back aligned with the backrest of the chair.
• When lying down, try to keep your spine is in a neutral position.
• Regularly change positions, especially if bedridden.

Diet and hydration

• Drink plenty of water throughout the day to stay hydrated.
• Include magnesium and potassium-rich foods in the diet, like bananas, avocados, and nuts.
• Reduce or caffeine and alcohol intake as these dehydrate you.

Monitor and track

• Pay attention to muscle tension and discomfort or pain in areas normally affected by spasms.
• Track how often, how long, and the intensity of spasms. This information can be vital for healthcare providers to adjust the treatment plan.

If you are unsure about what is causing or how to manage the spasms, speak to your nurse or doctor, they can advise how to best manage it. Sudden or drastic changes in the spasms, or spasms accompanied by pain, redness or other signs of infection typically require more immediate attention.