Introduction to mouth care

Mouth discomfort can be caused by mouth sores, dryness, infections like thrush, altered or bad tastes, bleeding, and dental problems. Some medications increase the likelihood of mouth related problems. It is important to note that mouth issues in palliative care are very common.

Some may require prescribed medication however, regular mouth care can prevent, reduce or even remove discomfort. Maintaining mouth health is important, it can greatly improve someone’s quality of life and makes it more pleasant to eat and drink, swallow, and speak. Good oral hygiene also reduces the risk of infection in the mouth and throat making it easier to take medications.

Regular mouth care

• Clean the mouth at least twice a day. Use a soft toothbrush and a mild toothpaste. Non-foaming toothpastes are usually easier to rinse.
• Clean the tongue regularly by using a tongue scraper or toothbrush. Rinse well after cleaning.
• Rinse the mouth with water after meals. A glass of warm water with half a teaspoon of table salt is the simplest solution. Mild alcohol-free mouthwash also does the trick.
• If dentures are used, clean these daily, remove and soak them over night.
• Regular visits to the dentist is recommended.

Prevention

• Stay hydrated to keep the mouth moist. Regular sipping of clear liquids, such as water, is recommended. A moistened sponge or special oral hydration products can be used if needed.
• Keep lips moist to prevent cracked or dry lips. Petroleum jelly or lip balm can be used.
• Regularly inspect the mouth for sores, infections or other issues.

Treat wounds, sores and cracks

• For cracked lips, moisturize with saliva replacement gels or water-based creams.
• Avoid brushing any mouth ulcers directly, to prevent further irritation. An ulcer barrier gel can be useful if it can be tolerated.
• Mouth thrush, recognizable as patches of white in the mouth or on the tongue, should be reviewed and treated by a healthcare professional as soon as possible.

If any mouth problems persist or worsen, speak to your nurse or doctor as they can provide advice and guidance.