Common physical signs of the end of life

When someone is nearing the end of their life, different signs and symptoms may arise or get worse. The specific signs and their intensity varies from person to person, based on their illness and overall condition.

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Getting weaker and sleeping more

‍The person may become dramatically weaker, losing the ability to move around, sit up, or even hold their head up. They may sleep for many hours or even most of the day and night. They may slip in and out of consciousness, become drowsy and unresponsive. Their eyes might be closed or remain half-open for longer periods of time.

Not wanting to eat or drink

‍As the end of someone’s life approaches, the body requires less energy, which often leads to a reduced desire for food and drink. The person may completely stop eating and drinking.

Breathing changes

‍Their breathing might change, becoming rapid or seeming more difficult. It is not uncommon for increasing pauses between breaths. Noisy, gasping or laboured breathing is common and toward the end of life the  ‘death rattle’ may occur.

Changes in skin color and temperature

‍Their skin might look pale, bluish, or blotchy. Mottling; a lace-like or uneven pattern on the skin, might appear. Hands, arms, feet and legs often become colder to the touch. Some areas, such as the hands and face, might also swell up a little.

Bladder and bowel control

‍There may be a partial or total loss of bladder or bowel control. The body will likely produce less urine, which may be darker than usual.

Mental changes

‍The person may become confused or not know where they are or who they are with. They might seem uninterested in people or things around them.

Pain

‍The person may experience worsening or new areas of pain.

Restlessness or agitation

‍The person might seem unsettled, upset or angry, they may also have trouble staying still.

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Each person’s experience will be unique, and not everyone will exhibit all these signs. It's important to involve a healthcare professional who can interpret these signs and manage their comfort and care.